Definition and Types of Organizations

Definition and Types of Organizations

—An international organization is an organization with an international membership, scope, or presence.

There are three main types:
—International nongovernmental organizations (NGOs): non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that operate internationally. There are two types:
—International non-profit organizations.
—Examples include the World Organization of the Scout Movement, International Committee of the Red Cross
—International corporations, referred to as multinational corporations.


—Examples include The Coca-Cola Company and Toyota

—Intergovernmental organizations, also known as International Governmental Organizations (IGOs): the type of organization most closely associated with the term 'international organization', these are organizations that are made up primarily of sovereign states (referred to as member states).
—Notable examples include the United Nations (UN), Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), Council of Europe (CoE), European Union (EU; which is a prime example of a supranational organization), and World Trade Organization (WTO). The UN has used the term "intergovernmental organization" instead of "international organization" for clarity.

—The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an organization of South Asian nations, which was established on 8 December 1985. 

—The government of Bangladesh , Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka formally adopted its charter.
—The promotion of economic and social progress, cultural development within the South Asia region and also for friendship and cooperation with other developing countries.
—It is dedicated to economic, technological, social, and cultural development emphasizing collective self-reliance.
—Its seven founding members are Sri Lanka, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.

—ECO's secretariat and cultural department are located in Tehran, its economic bureau is in Turkey and its scientific bureau is situated in Pakistan.
—The organization was founded by Turkey, Iran and Pakistan.
—Economic Cooperation Organization is an inter-governmental regional organization established in 1985 by Iran, Pakistan and Turkey for the purpose of promoting economic, technical and cultural cooperation among the member states.

—ECO currently is engaged in energy crisis resolution and meetings are being held in Tehran.
— And by resolving this problem all the members will facilitated by it specially Pakistan. Because besides the potentiality of the country in many a sectors still they are not operating at an efficient level which is required according to the current need of the scenario.
—Pakistan’s potential in telecommunication, agriculture, food, industry, trade and many other sectors made it significant as it can play its role for the betterment of rest of the member nations by providing them with assistance financially and technically both.

United Nation Organizations (UNO)

—The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization with the stated aims of promoting and facilitating co-operation in International law, International Security, 

Economic Development , Social Progress, Human Rights, Civil Rights, Civil Liberties, Political Freedoms, Democracy, and the achievement of lasting world peace. 

—The UN was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of Nations, to stop wars between countries, and to provide a platform for dialogue.
—It contains multiple subsidiary

organizations to carry out its missions.

 

ROLE OF PAKISTAN

—Pakistan officially joined the United Nations (UN) on 30 September 1947 just over a month after its independence from the British Empire.
—Today, it is a charter member and participates in all of the UN's specialized agencies and organizations.
—Pakistan maintains a permanent mission to the UN, which is currently headed by Ambassador Abdullah Hussain Haroon in New York.
—There is a second mission based at the UNO office in Geneva, Switzerland.
—The Pakistani military has played a key role in the UN's peacekeeping programme in different parts of the world, most prominently in Somalia , Sierra Leone, Bosnia, Congo and Liberia.
—The UN continues to remain a keen observer of the Kashmir conflict between Pakistan and India, centring around the disputed state of Jammu and Kashmir.
—Since the transfer of power to both countries in 1947 of the divided territory, the UN has played an extensive role in regulating and monitoring the dispute

ORGANIZATION OF ISLAMIC COOPERATION

—The Organization of Islamic Cooperation is an international organization consisting of 57 member states. The organization states that it is "the collective voice of the Muslim world" and works to "safeguard and protect the interests of the Muslim world in the spirit of promoting international peace and harmony“.

—The OIC has a permanent delegation to the United Nations, and is the largest international organization outside the United Nations.

— The official languages of the OIC are Arabic, English and French.

—Leaders of Muslim nations met in Rabat to establish the OIC on 25 September 1969.

ROLE OF PAKISTAN

—In line with OIC strong stance against the occupation of Palestine by Israel, Pakistan has continuously adopted a stance against Israel, while maintaining moral solidarity with Palestine

—Military Cooperation

—Pakistan is though to have developed its atomic bomb programme with millions of dollars of contributory aid from (mostly) Saudi Arabia and Libyan oil wealth

—Pakistan has always used OIC as a platform to gather support on the Kahmir conflict against the Republic of India. In 1969 King Hassan of Morocco invited the Government of India for the 1969 Summit in Rabat

—As a goodwill gesture of China's veto power in support of Pakistan at the UN Security Council, for example the Chinese opposition of UNSC resolution at Pakistan's behest demanding a ban on the militant organization Jama'at-ud-Da'wah following the 2008 Mumbai attacks, Pakistan assured China, that the OIC will not pass any resolution condemning China's 'strike hard' campaign against the Uighur Muslim minority. Pakistan therefore act as a contact point for China's engagement with the OIC.