Thursday, September 27, 2018

Values and Qualities of News Reporting

Values and Qualities of News Reporting 

1: NEARNESS OR PROXIMITY 
2: TIMLINESS
3:ODDITY 
4: PROMINENCE OF THE NEWS 
5: CONFLICT
6: EMOTIONS AND INSTINCTS 
7:LIFELINE OF NEWS
8: SEX AND GENDER
9:AUDIENCE
10: DRAMA


1:News values, sometimes called news criteria, determine how much attention a news story is given by a media outlet, and the attention it is given by the audience.

2: News values. News values are general guidelines or criteria which determine how much prominence a media outlet gives a news story. They explain why a story interests its audience; and how editors and other journalists decide that one piece of information is news while another is not.

3:Value or quality of the news is whether the news is worthy enough to share with masses or not.Information about common people or usual incidents will not be consider as news.

NEWS WORTHINESS

These are the essential elements of every good news story. Most readers are aware of these six questions, but there many other values that contribute to the definition of news. Gerald Lanson and Mitchell Stephens, authors of Writing and Reporting The News, emphasize eleven judgments that journalism students should make when evaluating newsworthiness.

Impact:The facts and events that have the greatest effect on the audience are the most newsworthy


Weight
The significance of a particular fact or event lies in its value with respect to other facts or eventsControversyArguments, debates, charges, countercharges, and fights increase the value of news

Emotion
Take into account human interests that touch our emotionsThe
Unusual
When a dog bites a man it's not news. But when a man bites a dog, it is news. (Old journalistic cliche)

Prominence
More prominent individuals are given more attention

Proximity
Concentrate on news that is of local interest; the closer to home the betterTimelinessEmphasize what is newCurrencyTake into account what is on people's minds

Usefulness
Help the audience answer questions and solve problems in their daily lives
Educational Value
Make readers more knowledgeable rather than merely informed

1:Proximity:
Location, location, location. If an event is happening nearby, it will impact readers more than if it were happening somewhere else that doesn't affect them as much – in another state or in another country. Depending on the story, it may as well be the same thing.


"Local" is more newsworthy than "Foreign"
Proximity is nearness which means that an incident which is to be reported as news has taken place near the
people; the news bulletin has been put on air for. We, naturally, tend to take more interest in the news story
that is about us, or our city, or our province, or our country. The closer the accident, the more the interest will be.
For instance, though tsunami was, more or less, equally devastating for humanity but earth quake took place
in Pakistan's northern areas and Azad Kashmir had more impact on the lives and minds of Pakistani people.
Likewise the news of a train meeting an accident in Pakistan will be heard with far more attention and
concern than news covering an accident of train anywhere in any other part of the world. The obvious rule
hence is, "big problems for them are less important than small problems for us.


2:TIMELINESS 

TIMELINESS (IMMEDIACY)"NOW" is more newsworthy than "THEN"Timeliness, in the field of journalism, no matter print or electronic, means freshness. News is about what is happening now. A saying goes, "old is gold". It is not true when it comes to a news story. What is old is not news in any way. It is important to mention here that the word old used here must never be mistaken for history. These two terms are entirely different and especially in journalism both have different connotations.History itself is a news value importance of which would be discussed later on
.For instance,
Pakistan has won the match. You have come to know about it and one of your friends rush forward to you filled with thrill and excitement and wishes you to get surprised. But, since you have already come across the victory of Pakistan in the match, how much ever you try, will not be able to come up to the situation with natural excitement and spontaneity in reflexive actions.It is, however, important to note, besides something that has happened just now, news is also about the first linking of something that had happened earlier but was not known to people.

That is why,"Radio news is what happened five minutes ago and its impact on what is going to happen in the next five minutes."-------------(Richard Bestic)
And,"The strength of radio is its immediacy. Exploit that by constantly up-dating stories and keeping them fresh. We are telling people what is happening now."


Recent events have higher news value than earlier happenings. Of particular value are stories brought to the public ahead of the competition. These are known as scoops.

Why are you telling me this now? These shiny new fire engines were...new. What puts the ‘new’ in your ‘news’? Note that this doesn’t mean the story itself has to be new, but some new information has to have come to light that makes the story timely and/or relevant again. Like the time there was a ‘New Species Of Massive Dinosaur Discovered In Africa.’ Obviously, the dinosaur itself isn’t new, but the discovery is. This could likewise be the case with new analysis or new data from months or even years ago - but it’s important to emphasize what’s new.


3:ODDITY OR NOVELTY

Novelty means something different, something against the general routine of people, something amazing,something incredible, something astonishing, something unusual. Anything, any action, any hobby, anyincident, people would hardly prepare to believe in is something novel and hence carries the characteristic ofnovelty.The birth of twins is, though not very common yet is normal and can be believed in easily. But the news ofthe birth of triplets (three children born at the same time to the same mother) or quadruplets (four childrenborn at the same time to the same mother) is capable enough to surprise people
Is there anything unexpected about this story? This news value is best expressed through a great journalistic aphorism that I’m sure to mangle, but let’s give it a shot: ‘When a dog bites a man, that’s not an interesting story. It happens all the time. But if a man bites a dog, then that’s news.’ Or as Ron Burgundy might put it:There was nothing bizarre about the fire engine story. Nor did it have any elements of conflict, currency or human interest - the final three news values were about to get to. But that’s OK - rarely will a story (or a piece of content you’re pitching) fit all these parameters. It can still be newsworthy - you just have to be aware of where your story is strong and play those strengths up.

4: Prominence:

A well-known person, place or event has a stronger news angle than something that the audience isn’t familiar with. A guest speaker visiting your local elementary school to take over story time doesn't resonate with many people ... unless that speaker is Oprah.
Why are you telling me this? Any fax from the local member’s office had a pretty decent shot at making the bulletin. As the state representative for Bathurst, almost anything he did or said was newsworthy. In digital marketing, this concept is now more commonly thought of as authority. What makes you (or your client) worth quoting on a story like this? What qualifies you to tell the story? As marketers, this is rarely going to qualify as a potential ledge, but it’s important info to establish your credibility as someone qualified to tell this story.
For the same occurrence, people in the public eye have higher news value than obscure people. For example, we cared that basketball pro Magic Johnson and actor Rock Hudson had AIDS, while an ordinary citizen with AIDS would not have commanded the attention of the national news media.
5: CONFLICT
Readers are always interested in disagreements, arguments and rivalries. If an event has a conflict attached to it, many readers will be interested on that basis alone. Let's not forget that it's human nature to choose sides and stand up for that choice. Stories that involve conflict include those about religion, sports, business, trials, wars, human rights violations, politics or even struggles against nature, animals or outer space.
FOR INSTANCE : INDIA AND PAKISTAN ARE IN STATE OF WAR TILL INDEPENDENCE BOTH COUNTRIES HAVE THE ATOMIC POWER. ANY NEWS REGARDING CONFLICT BETWEEN INDIA AND PAKISTAN CATCHES THE EYE OF THE WORLD. WHAT HAPPENED NOW? WHAT WILL HAPPEN NEXT ? ARE BOTH COUNTRIES ARE MOVING TOWARDS ATOMIC WAR ETC 
What are the different sides of this issue, and what are their arguments? Think about the way political news is reported. It’s almost covered like sport, right? You’ve got two teams fighting it out at all times, and it never seems like they can agree on anything. Well, part of the reason it seems like they can never agree is because the stuff they do agree on is boring. If Americans wanted to see politicians agreeing with each other, they’d watch C-SPAN. Instead, they watch cable news. Humans love conflict, especially simple, two-sided conflict. It engages us emotionally, as we get to judge the merits of the arguments, judge those who are wrong and get our righteous agreement jollies by nodding vigorously along with those we agree with. To me, many content marketers could do more with conflict as a news value, but (and perhaps this explains why it's unde rexplored), creating content around conflict can be tricky, as you have to be thorough in your research and careful to accurately represent the argument (or arguments) in the conflict.


6:EMOTIONS AND INSTINCTS 
NEWS  HAVE AN IMPACT ON PEOPLE WHETHER IT MADE THEM HAPPY OR SAD 


Emotion commands attention and creates a relevancy of shared feelings between a character and the reader.A good story offers detail the reader can use to make his or her own judgments and, perhaps, forge an emotional connection with a character.even describing people s reaction on certain incident would be consider as news as well .intensity of action effects people discussing them briefly is also a quality of news 

Whether it's a peaceful protest that encompasses five city blocks or a 23-car pileup on the pike, the more people involved in the event, the more newsworthy it is. Similarly, the number of people affected by the event will affect its newsworthiness, whether it's an adjustment of minimum wage or an alleged outbreak of ebola.
“So what?” and “Who cares?” How many people are affected by the news, and how significant is the impact? The impact can be national or local, within a certain industry or among a certain demographic category. The mayor’s race in Pensacola may be big news in the Florida Panhandle, but not in New York or Boston. On the other hand, the BART transit strike in the San Francisco Bay Area garnered a fair amount of national news coverage because it disrupted the transportation system in one of nation’s largest metro areas.


7:LIFELINE OF THE NEWS 

every news or event that has happened recently will not be as interesting for people tomorrow or day after tomorrow . every news has its particular life line.

Did the news just happen, or was it days, weeks or months ago? Even a long-lead magazine will look for stories that have timely elements to them, or at least a way to put a fresh spin on a story that’s already been reported
.
More value is attributed to stories pertaining to issues or topics that are in the spotlight of public concern rather than to issues or topics about which people care less. Stories come and stories go. For example:

At the beginning of the 1990s, there were stories about the First Gulf War, the Savings and Loan Crisis, and Senate confirmation hearings on Clarence Thomas for the Supreme Court.

As time passed, those stories became less interesting and were replaced by the Los Angeles Riots, the Miami hurricane, the new World Wide Web, a comet colliding with Jupiter, World Trade Center bombing, Unabomber life sentence, and the presidential elections.

In turn, those stories were replaced by Somalia, Bosnia, O.J. and Haiti.

In 1997, the death of Princess Diana, the Hong Kong handover, Pathfinder on Mars, cloning, the Oklahoma City bombing, and Big Tobacco money.

In 1998, start of the swine flu pandemic, California smoking ban

In 1999, JFK Jr. dies in a plane crash, the Clinton impeachment trial, Microsoft monopoly, war over Kosovo, Columbine school shooting, and the Y2k millennium worries.

8: SEX AND GENDER 

People are more interested in people s life gossips etc. any news about gender and sex are considered as high value news. love affairs of people of showbiz , scandals of politicians transgenders etc

9: AUDIENCE OR HUMAN INTEREST 
human interest can still be a very handy tool. People want to read stories about other people, so a human interest angle can be especially useful in helping you put a human face on a bigger story that needs to be personalized. Think again about the Ice Bucket Challenge and the great human interest stories that emerged from that trend
Is there an interesting, relatable person at the heart of the story? This is the fuel that drives countless celebrity magazines, but you’ll find human-interest stories everywhere, even in B2B publications. Like that product manager whose obsession was bringing tropical fruit flavors to toothpaste.


10:DRAMA 
any unexpected change in an event or incident catches attention of people. dramatic aspect adds more spice in a news story. for instance in 2014 during protest against PMLN govt PTI leader IMRAN KHAN dramatically announces that he want the change so that he could be able to get married . his statement became the hot news of that period of time.

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