Mass Media and Communication blog for students

The hypodermic needle model (known as the hypodermic-syringe model, transmission-belt model, or magic bullet theory) is a model of communication suggesting that an intended message is directly received and wholly accepted by the receiver. The model was originally rooted in 1930s behaviorism and largely considered obsolete for a long time, but big data analytics-based mass customization has led to a modern revival of the basic idea. Function The theory “suggests that the message is a bullet, fired from the ‘media gun’ into the viewer's head,’” states the University of Twente. In this model, the audience is passive. Viewers are sitting ducks with no chance to avoid or resist the impact of the message. Mass media, in this view, is dangerous because people believe the message since there is no other source of information. It is a "crude model," adds Media Know All, since it leaves out any attempt by the audience to consider or challenge the data. Theory Information, ...

Netiquette " refers to Internet etiquette. This simply means the use of good manners in online communication such as e-mail, forums, blogs, and social networking sites to name a few. It is  important  to use  netiquette  because communication online is non-verbal. Net Etiquette  are the rules that have developed as people have begun to communicate and interact on the  Internet . The following are some good  net etiquette  rules to follow: Before you join in a newsgroup or discussion board, always check that your questions are relevant to the group. Definition. Short for  network etiquette , the code of conduct regarding acceptable online behavior. Netiquette  is a combination of the words network and etiquette and is defined as a set of rules for acceptable online behavior. Similarly, online ethics focuses on the acceptable use of online resources in an online social environment. Netiquette is a combination of the words...

A gatekeeper is a person who controls access to something, for example via a city gate. In the late 20th century the term came into metaphorical use, referring to individuals who decide whether a given message will be distributed by a mass A news editor selects stories for publication based on his or her organization's specific criteria, e.g., importance and relevance to their readership. For example, a presidential resignation would be on the front page of a newspaper but likely not a celebritybreak-up (unless the paper was of the gossip variety). LEVELS OF GATE KEEPING  WHAT IS GATE KEEPING? Gate-keeping is the process through which information is filtered for dissemination, whether for publication, broadcasting, the Internet, or some other mode of communication. Gate-keeping theory is the nexus between two inarguable facts: events occur everywhere all of the time and the news media cannot cover all of them. And so, when an event occurs, someone has to deci...

  Digital  describes electronic technology that generates, stores, and processes data in terms of two states:  positive and non-positive. What is Digital Information 1. Machine language; data stored in zeros and ones. 2. Information that is in digital, electronic form and is stored, manipulated, and displayed by computational tools.  Digital information is stored using a series of ones and zeros. Computers are digital machines because they can only read information as on or off -- 1 or 0. This method of computation, also known as the binary system, may seem rather simplistic, but can be used to represent incredible amounts of data. Digital technology is primarily used with new physical communications media, such as satellite and fiber optic transmission. A modem is used to convert the digital information in your computer to analog signals for your phone line and to convert analog phone signals to digital information for your computer. Digital data, in i...

WHAT IS OP-ED An op-ed, short for "opposite the editorial page" or "opinion editorial", is a written prose piece typically published by a newspaper or magazine which expresses the opinion of an author usually not affiliated with the publication's editorial board. How to Write an Op-Ed Article Track the news and jump at opportunities.  Timing is essential. ... Limit the article to 750 words. Shorter is even better. ... Make a single point — well. ... Put your main point on top. ... Tell readers why they should care. ... Offer specific recommendations. ... Showing is better than discussing. ...8:Embrace your personal voice .What is op ed format? An op-ed piece derives its name from originally having appeared opposite the editorial page in a newspaper. Today, the term is used more widely to represent a column that represents the strong, informed and focused opinion of the writer on an issue of relevance to a targeted audience. NEWS PAPER BODY  ...

ROLE OF PERCEPTION IN MASS COMMUNICATION  perception is defined as the process by which we interpret sensory data. sensory data is transferred to the mind in the form of sensations through our five senses . The mind interprets based on our past experiences, culture , brought up and present feelings. The interpretations by mind converts the sensations into judgements which become perceptions. so basically its as follows  SENSATIONS  | | V JUDGEMENTS | | V PERCEPTIONS SENSATIONS:  any information we get from our five senses. Definition of sensation.  1: a mental process (such as seeing, hearing, or smelling) resulting from the immediate external stimulation of a sense organ often as distinguished from a conscious awareness of the sensory process — compare perception. b : awareness (as of heat or pain) due to stimulation of a sense organ. Definitions of sensation -  a physical feeling or perception resulting from something that happens...

United States of America remains one of the first countries to have established diplomatic ties with Pakistan. Although the relationship dates back to October 20, 1947, it can be extrapolated that the relations have been based strictly on military and economic support. During the initial years of Pakistan, the country had the options of building allegiance with Soviet Union or United States, however, Pakistan opted for the latter. 1950-1953:  Pakistan’s first prime minister,  Liaquat Ali Khan visited United States  to meet president Harry S Truman. It is alleged that during PM Khan’s first visit to US, president Truman requested Pakistan’s premier to let the CIA formulate a base in Pakistan, strictly to keep an eye on the activities of Soviet Union—a request which was not granted by Khan. Throughout the course of these years many officials from Pakistansuch as commander-in-chief Ayub Khan, foreign minister Zafrullah Khan, foreign secretary Ikramullah, ...